Teiydhwye

Teiydese (᚛ᚈᚓᚔᚔᚇᚆᚒᚔᚓ᚜ Teiydhwye or ᚛ᚔ ᚈᚓᚔᚔᚇᚆᚒᚐᚔ᚜ Y'Teiydhwai ) is one of the three Gogeruseomal languages (the other two being  and ) of the Gogerumal language family. It is spoken natively in Bakusai, by some in Tirconghal, and in Wa'Dyiwnghe (the Bakusaian expatriates in Loch Dremny District, Jiugong). Teiydese has been the dominant language of the Bakusaian people for most of their recorded history and was named after the Teiydgwladh Monarchy. Historically, it has also been known in Sinju as "Milseomal" (밀서말; ), "Bakusaigo" (麦西語; ) and "Maaksaijyu" (麥西語; ).

According to the Bakusai Census 2020, 69.9 percent of the population aged three and over were able to speak Teiydese. According to the 2000 Census, 56.4 percent of the population aged 3+ were able to speak Teiydese. This suggests that there was an increase in the number of Teiydese speakers in Bakusai from 2000 to 2020. The results for the most recent National Survey for Bakusai (2019-2020) additionally concluded that literacy is steadily declining in favor of  and, despite being the gwyir-llwedra ("") in government, in  and in entertainment.

Since 2013, the Bakusaian government has been in negotiation with residents and nationals of Sinju descent (typically Fusenese and Meisaani) in order to reinforce Teiydese-medium-schools while respecting their ethnic identity and their freedom of choice of linguistic medium. The public body Foèrwm y'Teiydhwai is responsible for the promotion and of the language domestically, while the Agendwra y'Teiydhwai for its promotion abroad.

History
The language of the Teiydese developed naturally from the language of. The emergence of Teiydese was not instantanenous and clearly identifiable. Instead, the shift occurred over a long period of time, with some historians claiming that it had happened by as late as the 10th century CE, when relations between the tribes of Tirconghal and Bakusai had already started to disintegrate. Contact was only ever established during Tircongalish invasions in Bakusai.

Four periods are identified in the history of Teiydese, with rather indistinct boundaries: Primitive Teiydese, Old Teiydese, Middle Teiydese, and Modern Teiydese. The period immediately following the language's emergence is sometimes referred to as Primitive Teiydese, followed by the Old Teiydese period – which is generally considered to stretch from the beginning of the 10th century to sometime during the 13th century. The Middle Teiydese period is considered to have lasted from then until the 18th century, when the Modern Teiydese period began, which in turn is divided into Early and Late Modern Teiydese. Colonization severely affected the integrity of the modern language, especially its vocabulary.

The Teiydese term for the language, Teiydhwye, descends from the word teiyder, meaning "gatherer". Despite efforts of Fusenese to  the language as 採集者語 Saishushago ("language of the gatherers"), the assumption that other Gogeruseomal languages were  of Teiydese saw the popularity of the term 麦西語 Bakusaigo ("language of Bakusai") increase.

Origins


Teiydese evolved from Gotirugonjimal, the language spoken by the ancient. Classified as Western Gaelic, the Gotirugonjimal language probably began to fragment due to increased dialect differentiation, thus evolving into Teiydese and the other Gogeruseomal languages. It is not clear when Teiydese became distinct.

Linguist Park Sang-wook has suggested that the evolution in syllabic structure and sound pattern was complete by around 700 CE, and labelled the period between then and about 900 CE as "Primitive Teiydese" (원시 밀서말 Wonsi milseomal). This Primitive Teiydese may have been spoken in both Bakusai and the Heyn Gógledh ("Old North"), the Gogeruseomal-speaking areas of what is now southern Tirconghal. The earliest Gogeruseomal poetry – that attributed to the Cwiynfeìrdhai or "First Orators" – is generally considered to date to the Primitive Teiydese period. However, much of this poetry was supposedly composed in the Heyn Gógledh, raising further questions about the dating of the material and language in which it was originally composed. A 10th-century inscription in County Ghent shows the language already dropping inflections in the declension of nouns.

Historian Yeom Mi-gyeong proposed that the origins of the Teiydese language were much less definite; in The Teyidese Language: A History, she proposes that Gogeruseomal may have been around even earlier than 700 CE. This is evidenced by the dropping of final syllables from Gotirugonjimal: *bardos "poet" became baìrdh, and *abona "river" became afnn. Though both Yeom and Park cite minor changes in syllable structure and sounds as evidence for the creation of Old Teiydese, Yeom suggests it may be more appropriate to refer to this derivative language as "Common Old Bakusaian" (상호 고밀서말 Sangho gomilseomal) rather than characterizing it as a new language altogether.

Old Teiydese
Old Teiydese is the stage of the Teiydese language from about 900 to 1200 CE. The people who spoke it were literate in and thus wrote in both  and. This was due to the Etruscan literacy campaign and small-scale commerce with Tarquinia. As a result, many Vulgar loanwords entered Old Teiydese and texts of this period were written in a mixture of Provulgariae and Old Teiydese. The following excerpt is taken from a gravestone in County Ghent, dated around early 900 CE; note that words in inclinatione are, not Old Teiydese:

"Defossus duihimam Maircuus filius Suiliban qui moeruure nobilis ii Lineda tamen Cheindas illum mauuiran ambi calione laesa ambichi locu secundo."

Translated as: "Marcs son of Silbans is buried here, who was a noble sailor from Linettu but held Gheynte dear in his heart like a second home. For his afterlife he took a"